GEOGRAPHY

new chapter

Geography

This will help you find maps, games and activities, geography resources, and geographic reference information. Come on in and explore the world.

The seven continents of the world are: North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Oceania, Antarctica.

The five Oceans of the world are: Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean, and Southern Ocean.
Click Below for an Interactive Introduction to Geography
http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/ms_wcg_survey/resources/html/animations/wc01_anim_satearth.html <------go to that website for readings games ect.
1.U.S. Geography
2.United States
3.U.S. Regions
4.Physical Map of the U.S.

geography2

Landforms
Physical geography and geomorphology did not get started until the late 1700s. This created one of the biggest problems we have with landforms; their names. The names of most of the areas and landforms on earth were already a part of history by the time scientists tried to fit them into patterns. Sometimes we will find that many names are used to describe the same type of landform. The reason for these different names is unclear. Sometimes the name changes just because the place is in a different country. One example is a piece of land that sticks out into a body of water. This can be called a peninsula, a cape, a headland, or a spit. “Peninsula” is usually used for the very large spits, but not always. Sometimes, a name difference is based on size but nobody has a fixed measurement to show where the name changes. For instance, many dictionaries will say a mountain is a large hill. Then they say a hill is a small form of mountain.

Task: Draw a picture of a peninsula and a second landform that is identified on tis page. Your picture should compare two items found on this page. Label your drawing. You can use the following website to see landforms

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Landforms
Continents are all land areas the places where one continent changes to another were all decided by people many years ago oceans and seas blend together the names and dividing lines were also chosen hundreds or even thousands of years ago the easiest way to find out about landforms is to break them into groups based on how they look or what made them we are not going to look at the forces that made the landforms in this unit, just the landforms themselves we are going to look at places that go up places that go down and flat places we will explore wet places and dry places and the places where they meet last of all we will look at hot places and cold places.
Show that you know the names of the oceans. There will be a monthly test.
Show that you know the names of the continents. How can you be ready??

Landforms
Volcanoes are made by the hot liquid inside the earth needing to find a way out. The hot magma pushes out through a weak place in the earth crust. Over many years, the sides of the volcano build it higher and higher. Some volcanoes stop erupting, but others stay active for centuries.
Mountains, volcanoes, and hills can all be found on dry land and under the oceans. Many islands were made by volcanoes.
Places that go down are called valleys and gorges.
A valley is found between several mountains or hills. The land is usually very rich for farming. Many cities and towns are in valleys because the mountains block some of the bad weather. Most valleys have a good source of water that started on the mountains.
A gorge is a deep valley cut between or through mountains by flowing water. Over the centuries, the water cut the gorge deeper and deeper.
A valley in the ocean is usually called a trench.

Find or draw pictures that you can use to enhance this page. Take the text and create a two page article. Use pictures that are in Canada. For ocean pictures make sure they are in our hemisphere and as close to Canada as possible
You can google: volcanoes in Canada http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/map/index_e.php
You can google: gorges in Canada http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Canyons_and_gorges_of_Canada

Landforms Continents are all land areas the places where one continent changes to another were all decided by people many years ago oceans and seas blend together the names and dividing lines were also chosen hundreds or even thousands of years ago the easiest way to find out about landforms is to break them into groups based on how they look or what made them we are not going to look at the forces that made the landforms in this unit, just the landforms themselves we are going to look at places that go up places that go down and flat places we will explore wet places and dry places and the places where they meet last of all we will look at hot places and cold places. Show that you know the names of the oceans. There will be a monthly test. Show that you know the names of the continents. How can you be ready?? Landforms Volcanoes are made by the hot liquid inside the earth needing to find a way out. The hot magma pushes out through a weak place in the earth crust. Over many years, the sides of the volcano build it higher and higher. Some volcanoes stop erupting, but others stay active for centuries. Mountains, volcanoes, and hills can all be found on dry land and under the oceans. Many islands were made by volcanoes. Places that go down are called valleys and gorges. A valley is found between several mountains or hills. The land is usually very rich for farming. Many cities and towns are in valleys because the mountains block some of the bad weather. Most valleys have a good source of water that started on the mountains. A gorge is a deep valley cut between or through mountains by flowing water. Over the centuries, the water cut the gorge deeper and deeper. A valley in the ocean is usually called a trench. Find or draw pictures that you can use to enhance this page. Take the text and create a two page article. Use pictures that are in Canada. For ocean pictures make sure they are in our hemisphere and as close to Canada as possible You can google: volcanoes in Canada http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/map/index_e.php You can google: gorges in Canada http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Canyons_and_gorges_of_Canada

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Some names for flat land areas are plains, savannahs, and tundras. These places are all almost flat areas that may go on for miles. The difference between them is the temperature around them.
Savannahs are usually found in hot areas not too far from deserts. Tundras are found in areas where the weather is cold almost all year long. Plains are found in areas where the weather goes through changes for four seasons.
Savannahs, plains, and tundras usually are covered with grass or short plants. They are very open to the wind and rains. They are very popular areas for large herds of grazing animals.
A plateau is a flat place on top of a high place. Plateaus are usually found on top of hills and small mountains. They have been formed by the weather or shifting earth breaking of pieces from the top of the mountain. Plateaus usually do not have much plant life on them.

What names do we use in Canada. Where?
You can google for history of names or go to: http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/index_e.php
Take the text and create a Canada themed document

Landforms WET AND DRY AND IN BETWEEN
Oceans and seas are large bodies of salty water that surround all the land areas of the earth. There are a few salt-water areas surrounded by land. They are called salt lakes or inland seas.
Lakes, ponds, and rivers are areas of fresh (not salty) water found on the land areas of the earth.
Lakes and ponds get their water from small streams or rivers flowing into them. They also fill by water coming up through the ground from the area around them. This area is called the 'watershed'.
Lakes and ponds usually stay in the same place unless changed by people. Some ponds and lake type water areas are built by people to hold their water supplies. These are called reservoirs.
Rivers usually start in the higher places of the mountains. They start as small streams or creeks and grow bigger as they join other small streams or creeks. Eventually these streams get big enough to be called a river.
Rivers join together and are still called rivers. These larger rivers end up flowing into the sea or ocean. There are many names for the different areas where the fresh water and the salty water meet.
Some names are deltas, estuaries, and marshes. Each one is different.
The names will depend on the amount of salt, soil, plants, and animals found there.

Take this text and find illustrations to create a finished document that shows these landforms in Canada.

Landforms
There are also places where the water is on two sides of a land area. This is called an isthmus.
When the land is on two sides of the water, you have a strait or channel.
A fiord (or fjord) is a special type of peninsula that has water going through the middle of it, too.
Land areas with three sides meeting the water have many different names. Some of these names are capes, peninsulas, and headlands.
A piece of land that has water on all four sides is called an island. It may be as small as a large rock or as big as the continent of Australia.
Many islands that are close together and similar to each other are called an archipelago.

Take this text and use a map of Canada to show examples

Some names for flat land areas are plains, savannahs, and tundras. These places are all almost flat areas that may go on for miles. The difference between them is the temperature around them. Savannahs are usually found in hot areas not too far from deserts. Tundras are found in areas where the weather is cold almost all year long. Plains are found in areas where the weather goes through changes for four seasons. Savannahs, plains, and tundras usually are covered with grass or short plants. They are very open to the wind and rains. They are very popular areas for large herds of grazing animals. A plateau is a flat place on top of a high place. Plateaus are usually found on top of hills and small mountains. They have been formed by the weather or shifting earth breaking of pieces from the top of the mountain. Plateaus usually do not have much plant life on them. What names do we use in Canada. Where? You can google for history of names or go to: http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/index_e.php Take the text and create a Canada themed document Landforms WET AND DRY AND IN BETWEEN Oceans and seas are large bodies of salty water that surround all the land areas of the earth. There are a few salt-water areas surrounded by land. They are called salt lakes or inland seas. Lakes, ponds, and rivers are areas of fresh (not salty) water found on the land areas of the earth. Lakes and ponds get their water from small streams or rivers flowing into them. They also fill by water coming up through the ground from the area around them. This area is called the 'watershed'. Lakes and ponds usually stay in the same place unless changed by people. Some ponds and lake type water areas are built by people to hold their water supplies. These are called reservoirs. Rivers usually start in the higher places of the mountains. They start as small streams or creeks and grow bigger as they join other small streams or creeks. Eventually these streams get big enough to be called a river. Rivers join together and are still called rivers. These larger rivers end up flowing into the sea or ocean. There are many names for the different areas where the fresh water and the salty water meet. Some names are deltas, estuaries, and marshes. Each one is different. The names will depend on the amount of salt, soil, plants, and animals found there. Take this text and find illustrations to create a finished document that shows these landforms in Canada. Landforms There are also places where the water is on two sides of a land area. This is called an isthmus. When the land is on two sides of the water, you have a strait or channel. A fiord (or fjord) is a special type of peninsula that has water going through the middle of it, too. Land areas with three sides meeting the water have many different names. Some of these names are capes, peninsulas, and headlands. A piece of land that has water on all four sides is called an island. It may be as small as a large rock or as big as the continent of Australia. Many islands that are close together and similar to each other are called an archipelago. Take this text and use a map of Canada to show examples

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Landforms
A beach changes shape all the time. The wind and water are constantly moving the sand around into piles called dunes and pulling them down again. Most plants do not have time to grow on beaches because of this day by day movement.
Sand dunes can be found in the desert. A desert is a dry area that gets very little rainfall during the year.
Sometimes a desert will not get rain for several years in a row.
Most of the time the rain is kept back by the mountains around the desert. The rain clouds can not hold together to get over the mountains. A few special plants and animals can live in deserts.
An oasis is a small area in a desert that has water that has comes up through the ground. An oasis will have some trees and small animals living there. If there is enough water, a town or city will be built at an oasis.

1. A _______________________ changes shape all the time.
2. Sometimes a _____________ will not get rain for several years in a row.
3. An ________________ is a small area in a desert that has water that has comes up through the ground.

Take this text and create a fun activity for

Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and group the sentences so they make paragraphs. Remember a paragraph has a main idea and details to support the main idea or topic sentence. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 10, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work.

LandformsDeserts and volcanic areas can be very hot.Another place that is hot is the tropics.This is the area on the earth that surrounds the equator. With the heat and heavy rainfall of this area, some special landforms have developed.Jungles and rainforests are found onlyin the tropical belt of the earth. These areas can only exist because of the combination of heat and rainfall.There are many plantsandanimals found in theseplaces that live no other place on earth.Jungles and rainforests are usually on almost flat land.The land has dense plant growth that shields the ground from too much sun.Swamps are foundeverywhere.People have been cutting down the trees and bushes in these areas at a rapid rate.The erosion that follows is causing some of the jungles and rainforests to be turned into deserts.The very cold areas of the earth are located near the north and south poles.Read each word. Write the definitions on the lines.1.jungle2.rainforest 3.erosion5.

Fix and finish this page.

Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and group the sentences so they make paragraphs. Remember a paragraph has a main idea and details to support the main idea or topic sentence. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 11, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work.

Landforms
Glaciers are the main type of landform found at the “top” and “bottom” of the world. Glaciers are huge layers of solid ice. They can cover hundreds of miles of land area. Some times the glacier is several miles thick.The ice never melts enough to see the dirt or rocks that are under it. Glaciers used to cover most of the earth thousands of years ago. They are responsible for some of the landforms we looked at earlier. The movements of glaciers as they grew and melted formed river beds and mountains. They made lakes and valleys. They added water to the oceans and helped cover the mountains now deep in the oceans.The only plants or animals that can live on glaciers are too small to be seen without a magnifying glass. They are lichen fungi and bacteria. Pieces of glaciers break off and become icebergs or ice flows. An iceberg is a large block of floating ice. Most of its size is underwater. An ice flow is several or even hundreds of smaller pieces of ice floating close together. OTHERS There are hundreds of different types of landforms. You will probably not read or hear about most of them unless you became a geologist. Some of them only exist in very small areas on the earth. Some of the landforms are the same thing with names in different languages. It can be a confusing world of study. We have looked at the most common types that you might see in your life or around the places you live?

Fix and illustrate this text.
Create a task or activity that can be completed by another group during a 30 minute class.

Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and follow the directions. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 12, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work.

Landforms Write the directions and create an answer key

1. surface sarface surfece
2. lawland lowland lowlend
3. glecier gleceir glacier
4. velley vellay valley
5. rivers revirs rivars

Landforms A beach changes shape all the time. The wind and water are constantly moving the sand around into piles called dunes and pulling them down again. Most plants do not have time to grow on beaches because of this day by day movement. Sand dunes can be found in the desert. A desert is a dry area that gets very little rainfall during the year. Sometimes a desert will not get rain for several years in a row. Most of the time the rain is kept back by the mountains around the desert. The rain clouds can not hold together to get over the mountains. A few special plants and animals can live in deserts. An oasis is a small area in a desert that has water that has comes up through the ground. An oasis will have some trees and small animals living there. If there is enough water, a town or city will be built at an oasis. 1. A _______________________ changes shape all the time. 2. Sometimes a _____________ will not get rain for several years in a row. 3. An ________________ is a small area in a desert that has water that has comes up through the ground. Take this text and create a fun activity for Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and group the sentences so they make paragraphs. Remember a paragraph has a main idea and details to support the main idea or topic sentence. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 10, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work. LandformsDeserts and volcanic areas can be very hot.Another place that is hot is the tropics.This is the area on the earth that surrounds the equator. With the heat and heavy rainfall of this area, some special landforms have developed.Jungles and rainforests are found onlyin the tropical belt of the earth. These areas can only exist because of the combination of heat and rainfall.There are many plantsandanimals found in theseplaces that live no other place on earth.Jungles and rainforests are usually on almost flat land.The land has dense plant growth that shields the ground from too much sun.Swamps are foundeverywhere.People have been cutting down the trees and bushes in these areas at a rapid rate.The erosion that follows is causing some of the jungles and rainforests to be turned into deserts.The very cold areas of the earth are located near the north and south poles.Read each word. Write the definitions on the lines.1.jungle2.rainforest 3.erosion5. Fix and finish this page. Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and group the sentences so they make paragraphs. Remember a paragraph has a main idea and details to support the main idea or topic sentence. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 11, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work. Landforms Glaciers are the main type of landform found at the “top” and “bottom” of the world. Glaciers are huge layers of solid ice. They can cover hundreds of miles of land area. Some times the glacier is several miles thick.The ice never melts enough to see the dirt or rocks that are under it. Glaciers used to cover most of the earth thousands of years ago. They are responsible for some of the landforms we looked at earlier. The movements of glaciers as they grew and melted formed river beds and mountains. They made lakes and valleys. They added water to the oceans and helped cover the mountains now deep in the oceans.The only plants or animals that can live on glaciers are too small to be seen without a magnifying glass. They are lichen fungi and bacteria. Pieces of glaciers break off and become icebergs or ice flows. An iceberg is a large block of floating ice. Most of its size is underwater. An ice flow is several or even hundreds of smaller pieces of ice floating close together. OTHERS There are hundreds of different types of landforms. You will probably not read or hear about most of them unless you became a geologist. Some of them only exist in very small areas on the earth. Some of the landforms are the same thing with names in different languages. It can be a confusing world of study. We have looked at the most common types that you might see in your life or around the places you live? Fix and illustrate this text. Create a task or activity that can be completed by another group during a 30 minute class. Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and follow the directions. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 12, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work. Landforms Write the directions and create an answer key 1. surface sarface surfece 2. lawland lowland lowlend 3. glecier gleceir glacier 4. velley vellay valley 5. rivers revirs rivars

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Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and follow the directions. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 13, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work.

Landforms Write the directions and create an answer key
atnimuon
efcaurs
tuaelap
lnolawd
utlarna
grieno

Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and follow the directions. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 14, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work.

Landforms Find a web site that will let you create a word find for:
mountain
plateau
earthquake
dirt
flood
valley
surface
avalanche
natural
lowland mass
region
Add any other words you know are important
WORD FIND Find and circle these words. They run down, across, and diagonally.

Open a new word document and copy the lesson into the document. Read the information and follow the directions. When you are done, save the file as 'Landforms page 15, in you Social Geography folder. Make sure your work will print on one page, make sure your name is on the page, print and hand in your work.

Landforms
Find a website that will help you create a crossword puzzle. Add any other words you know are important and create a puzzle using your words and these words:
landform
valley
glacier
mountain
earth
wind
forces
plain
Create an answer key!