Mean, Median, Mode, Range

What is mean?

The mean of a set of data is the quotient found by adding the numbers in the set of data and dividing the sum by the number of addends. The mean is also called the average of a set of numbers.

What is mode?

The mode of a set of data is the number(s) or item(s) that occur most often in the set of data. A set of data can have more than one mode.

What is median?

The median is the middle number in a set of data when the set is arranged in numerical order. If the data set has an even number the median is the mean of the two middle numbers.

What is range?

The range of a set of data is the difference between the greatest number and the least number in a set of data.

Graphs

What is a pictograph?

A pictograph is a graph that uses pictures to compare data.

What is a bar graph?

A bar graph uses bars of different heights to compare data.

What is a line graph?

A line graph uses a broken line to show trends in data or changes in data over time.

What is a histogram?

A histogram shows how often data occurs in equal intervals.

What is a circle graph?

A circle graph divides a circle into regions. Each region represents part of a whole.

Sampling & Populations/Frequency Tables/Venn Diagrams

What is Sampling?

Sampling is when you are collecting information about part of a group.

What is a population?

The group of people from which a sample is chosen. The population you chose will vary depending on the type of question you are asking.

What is a frequency table?

A frequency table shows how often (frequently) an item is chosen or something occurs.

What is a Venn Diagram?

Venn Diagrams consists of circles that stand for sets of elements. Venn Diagrams help you see what different sets of data have in common.

Compund Events & Probability

What is a Compound Event?

A compound event is an event whose probability of occurrence depends upon the probability of occurrence of two or more independent events.

What is a tree diagram?

A tree diagram is used to represent the combinations that are possible for the two events that make up a compound event.


What is the fundamental counting principle?

The fundamental counting principle states that if one event can happen in m ways and another event can happen in n ways, then the two events can happen in m x n ways.
In order to find the number of possible outcomes for a compound event you can multiply the number of outcomes for one event by the number of outcomes for the second event.

Indepdendent & Dependent Events & Probability

What is an independent event?

Two events are independent when the outcome of one event is not affected by the outcome of the other.

What is a dependent event?

Two events are dependent when the outcome of one event is affected by the outcome of the other.

How do we find the probability of dependent events?

Multiplication Rule:
The probability of dependent events is found by multiplying the first event occurring by the probability of the second event occurring.

**When objects are drawn from a bag and NOT replaced, the denominator of the probability ratio is reduced by 1!**